Exercise 14 Listen to the text Secondary Education in Britain and do the tasks in your student's book.0:04
Secondary Education in Britain Children in Britain do not have to go to school until they reach the age of five and only very few go to nursery schools before that.0:16
In nursery schools, the children learn such things as numbers, letters, colours and may begin to read and write.0:29
Primary education takes place in infant schools, pupils aged from 4, 5 to 7 years, and junior schools from 8 to 11 years.0:39
A child going to school for the first time is called a a year one pupil, then he becomes a year two pupil, and so on.0:51
Secondary schools are usually much larger than primary schools and they take pupils from the age of 1112 up to 18.1:02
In Britain, compulsory secondary education lasts five years, from year 7 to year 11 and is over at the age of 16.1:12
After young people take their exams, they may either leave school and begin working or continue their education in technical colleges and sixth form colleges.1:23
Some areas do not have sixth form colleges and pupils study for further two years in the sixth form of their secondary school.1:34
Nowadays, most British children, over 80% go to comprehensive schools which take pupils of all abilities without any exams.1:44
Comprehensive schools offer a wide choice of subjects, from art and craft to the sciences and computer studies.1:54
Pupils at comprehensive scores are quite often put into sets for such subjects as mathematics or languages.2:03
Sets are small groups of children formed according to ability in each subject.2:12
For example, the child may be in the highest set for maths, but in the lowest set for French.2:18
All pupils move to the next class automatically at the end of the year.2:26
Before comprehensive schools were introduced in 1965 by the British government, all children took an exam at the age of 11 called 11 plus.2:31
Those who got the best results at this exam, about 20% were chosen to go to the best state schools called grammar schools, which gave secondary education of a rather high standard.2:42
Those who failed 11 plus went to secondary modern schools.2:56
Secondary modern schools gave secondary education only in name and did not prepare schoolchildren for universities, as pupils were mainly prepared for practical jobs.3:03
A lot of people in Britain thought that this system of selection at the age of 11 was unfair on many children.3:16
So comprehensive schools were introduced, but in a small number of counties they still keep the old system of grammar schools.3:23
At the age of 14 or 15, in the 9th or 10th year of secondary school, pupils begin to choose their exam subjects and prepare for their exams.3:33
At the end of the 11th year, pupils take their first public exam for the General Certificate of Secondary Education.3:44
GCSE pupils who stay on into the sixth form or go to the sixth form college prepare for their A Level exams.3:52
A stands for advanced Good A level results in 25 subjects are necessary to get a place at one of the British universities.4:03
Since 1944, free secondary education has been available to all children in Britain.4:15
Nevertheless, some parents choose to pay for private education.4:21
Private or independent schools are called by different names.4:26
Preparatory prep schools are for pupils aged up to 13 and public schools are for 13 to 19 year olds.4:31
These schools are expensive, 6,000 to 9,000 pounds a year and they are attended by no more than 5% of the school children.4:41
In a lot of public schools children live as well as study.4:50
They are called boarding schools.4:54
Among public schools there are boys schools, girls schools and co educational.4:57
The most famous British public schools include Harrow, Winchester and Eton which date back to the 15th century.5:05
A lot of public schools are known for their high academic standards and are considered prestigious.5:15
At the same time, not all people in Britain think that their country needs public schools.5:21
They believe that all children in the country should be given equal opportunities at the start.5:27
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