Exercise 2, page 110.0:01
Surrealism was founded by a young group of European artists led by the French poet Andre Breton in 1924.0:34
It was partly created as a reaction to the horror of World War I. The group wanted to show that our dreams and thoughts were just as important as the world we can see and touch.0:44
They hoped to shock people and make them look at things in new ways.0:57
Therefore, their paintings combine the world of fantasy with reality in odd ways, just like in a dream.1:02
Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte and Marcel Duchamp were some of the most famous Surrealists.1:10
Impressionism was developed in France during the last decade of the 19th century.1:32
The movement was born when a group of French artists, including Paul Cezanne and Edouard Manet, began to paint in a style that broke the strict conventions set by the academies.1:37
Critics were outraged.1:50
Nevertheless, the movement continued to grow.1:52
The Impressionists tried to capture moments and sensations using small touches of paint.1:55
Many of them painted outdoors and focused on how the time of day and the season could affect a landscape.2:02
Other famous Impressionists were Edgar Degas and Pierre Auguste Renoir.2:09
Expressionism emerged in the early 1900s and was most concentrated in Germany.2:29
The aim of the artists was to paint an image that would reflect their emotions.2:37
Expressionist artists used bright colours mixed with dark brushstrokes and images were often distorted to portray anxiety and horror.2:42
They were influenced by Munch and Vincent van Gogh.2:52
The most famous artists of this movement were Max Beckman, Georges Ruault, Vasily Kandinsky and Otto D.2:56
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