The taiga, which means forest in Russian, is the world's largest biome.0:07
It consists of coniferous forests and covers a large part of Russia, Scandinavia, and North America.0:12
The taiga has a subarctic climate with large differences in temperature between seasons.0:19
Winters are long and very cold with only snowfall.0:25
And temperatures can drop as low as -54°C .0:28
Summers are very short but warm and humid.0:34
Sometimes temperatures reach 30°C .0:36
The trees of the taiga have adapted to the low levels of sunlight and the extreme conditions.0:41
Most of them are evergreen, that is, they keep their leaves all year round.0:46
The leaves are also a very dark green color so that they can absorb more sunlight for photosynthesis.0:50
The cone shape of the evergreens helps snow slide off them, so the branches don't break from the weight of the snow.0:57
The environment of the taiga encourages healthy tree growth, and some of the trees there are thousands of years old.1:04
The taiga also hosts a wide variety of wildlife.1:11
It is home to Russia's largest populations of brown bear, wolf, moose, reindeer, and red fox.1:15
It also has as many as 300 species of birds, including the golden eagle and the great grey owl.1:22
The tiger, however, is in danger because of global warming and an increase in deforestation over the past decades.1:29
Fortunately, governments are taking measures to protect this precious natural habitat.1:36
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