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Russia 2.0:03
Exercise 1, page 46.0:05
Fragile wilderness.0:07
Russia is the largest country in the world with a total land area of over 17 million square kilometers.0:19
It's no surprise that it is full of incredible natural wonders.0:26
Some of these places, however, are so wonderful and so fragile that maybe we shouldn't go there.0:31
The Orda Cave, the Western Urals.0:40
Just as Neil Armstrong once reported back from the moon, a team of daring and experienced cave divers recently got the chance to go where no one had ever been before.0:44
When they explored the longest underwater gypsum crystal cave in the world.0:56
At temperatures barely above freezing and carrying heavy and expensive equipment, the divers took photographs in order to show people the 3-mile-long underwater wonderland.1:02
The unique cave is full of stunning rock structures.1:15
Because of the gypsum, a mineral that can form clear crystals, the water was so clear that the divers could see over 45 meters ahead of them.1:20
The environment in the cave is so delicate that even air bubbles from the divers could damage it.1:31
Because of this, the team used an underwater funnel to take their air bubbles safely out of the cave.1:38
They hope that now people can see the stunning photographs of the cave they will understand how important it is for precious places like this to be protected.1:46
Kronotsky Nature Reserve, Kamchatka Peninsula.1:59
This remote nature reserve along Russia's Pacific coast covers over 10,000 kilometers.2:05
Frequently described as the land of fire and ice, It is home to the Geyser Valley, with the second largest number of steaming geysers in the world.2:13
In 2007, the valley was badly damaged by a massive mudslide.2:24
This didn't affect one of the most amazing sights in the valley, though.2:30
The Velikan Geyser erupts every 6 hours, shooting tons of water 30 metres into the air.2:34
Also within the valley lies the 10-kilometre-wide Ozon caldera, a collapsed volcanic cone where magma heats groundwater nearly to the boiling point and produces hundreds of bubbling mud pools, geysers, and hot springs.2:43
As if all this isn't enough, take a flight over the crater of the Mali-Simiachik volcano and you'll see a stunning turquoise acid lake.3:03
It isn't uncommon to spot the footprints of brown bears on a trip here either.3:13
There are over 800 bears preserved, along with eagles, leaping salmon, and other rare wildlife.3:19
The wonders at this UNESCO World Heritage Site are endless, but the only way to visit it is by helicopter.3:27
And a day trip costs at least $700.3:35
Well, perhaps not quite the only way.3:39
An online virtual tour of the Geyser Valley has recently been launched.3:42
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